Mangoes

The Australian Mango Industry Association represents the biosecurity interests of mango producers and the industry. They are members of Plant Health Australia and signatories to the Emergency Plant Pest Response Deed. Their responsibilities include:

  • biosecurity planning and implementation at the national and farm levels
  • liaising with federal and state governments on trade issues
  • funding and supporting biosecurity initiatives
  • participating in national committees and response efforts in an emergency.

Industry overview

Approximately 80 per cent of fruit is consumed fresh, 10 per cent is exported and the remaining fruit is processed.

In Australia, nine varieties of mango are in commercial production. The most abundant variety, Kensington Pride, accounts for around 41 per cent of Australian production.

Other varieties include B74 (Calypso), Honey Gold, and R2E2, green eating varieties such as Keow Savoey, Falan and Nam Doc Mai, as well as late season varieties such as Brooks, Keitts, Palmers, Kents and Pearls. B74 and R2E2 are popular in export markets. There are other varieties produced in smaller volumes.

The industry supplies the Australian market, with production occurring from August to March each year. Most mangoes are grown in Queensland and the Northern Territory with smaller but significant production in regions throughout Western Australia.

Biosecurity planning provides a mechanism for the mango industry, government and other relevant stakeholders to assess current biosecurity practices and future biosecurity needs. Planning identifies procedures that can be put in place to reduce the chance of pests reaching our borders or minimise the impact if a pest incursion occurs.

The Biosecurity Plan for the Mango Industry outlines key threats to the industry, risk mitigation plans, identification and categorisation of exotic pests and contingency plans. For a copy, please contact PHA on 02 6215 7700 or email biosecurity@phau.com.au.


Mango Biosecurity ManualThe Orchard Biosecurity Manual for the Mango Industry contains information to help producers to implement biosecurity on-farm. Manuals usually contain an overview of biosecurity, fact sheets to identify the high priority pests of a crop, tips on crop management, and how to manage people, vehicles and equipment to minimise biosecurity risks. Manuals also contain a biosecurity self-assessment list, and templates to record pest surveillance records and visitors.

More information about on-farm biosecurity for both plant and livestock producers is available from the Farm Biosecurity website.


The Exotic Pest Identification and Surveillance Guide for Tropical Horticulture was developed with funding from the Australia Government Department of Agriculture and Water Resources.

Inspecting crops for signs of new pests is one way growers can protect Australia’s plant industries from exotic pests, as early detection and reporting improves the chances of successfully containing or eradicating new pests. The guide is in two sections:

• Biosecurity and surveillance
• Identification of key exotic pests.


Mango PostcardPostcard

Promotional item to support the exotic plant pest hotline 1800 084 881

Exotic pests (not in Australia)

The following is a list of high priority exotic pests of mangoes. These pests were identified during the development of the Industry Biosecurity Plan for the Mango Industry in consultation with industry, government and scientists. They have been assessed as high priority pests based on their potential to enter, establish, and spread in Australia (eg environmental factors, host range, vectors) and the cost to industry of control measures.

PHA has a range of fact sheets, contingency plans and diagnostic protocols relevant to these pests. Pest risk review documents are also available for some pests. Please contact PHA on 02 6215 7700 or email biosecurity@phau.com.au for more information.

Endorsed National Diagnostic Protocols are available from the National Plant Biosecurity Diagnostic Network webpage.

Common name Scientific name EPPRD Category Fact sheet Contingency plan Diagnostic protocol
Ambrosia beetle Hypocryphalus dilutus
Bactrocera tuberculata Bactrocera tuberculata DP DP
Banana fruit fly Bactrocera curvipennis DP DP
Bezzi fruit fly Bactrocera occipitalis DP DP
Black twig borer Xylosandrus compactus FS FS
Blue-striped nettle grub Parasa lepida FS
Carambola fruit fly Bactrocera carambolae FS FS FS FS DP DP
Citrus blackfly Aleurocanthus woglumi FS
Cook Islands fruit fly Bactrocera melanotus DP DP
Fijian fruit fly Bactrocera kirki DP DP
Fijian fruit fly Bactrocera passiflorae FS DP DP
Fruit fly (Bactrocera occipitalis) Bactrocera occipitalis FS DP DP
Fruit tree mealybug Rastrococcus invadens
Grapevine thrips Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus
Guava fruit fly Anastrepha striata and Bactrocera correcta DP DP
Lateral-banded mango longhorn Batocera rubus
Mango gall midge (Dasineura amaramanjarae) Dasineura amaramanjarae
Mango leafhopper (Amritodus atkinsoni) Amritodus atkinsoni
Mango leafhopper (Idioscopus nagpurensis) Idioscopus nagpurensis
Mango shoot borer Chlumetia transversa
Melon fruit fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae FS DP DP
Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis 2 FS FS FS FS FS FS FS DP DP
Pacific fruit fly Bactrocera xanthodes DP DP
Papaya fly Anastrepha curvicauda (syn. Toxotrypana curvicauda) FS DP DP
Peach fruit fly Bactrocera zonata FS DP DP
Mango gall midges Procontarinia spp. (exotic species) FS FS
Mango pulp weevil Sternochetus frigidus 3 FS
Mango sudden death syndrome Ceratocystis fimbriata sensu lato and C. manginecans FS
New Guinea fruit fly Bactrocera trivialis 3 FS FS DP DP
Red-banded mango caterpillar Deanolis sublimbalis 3 FS CP
Red-spotted longhorn beetle Batocera rufomaculata
Squash bug Acanthocoris scabrator
South Sea guava fruit fly Bactrocera psidii DP DP
Sri Lankan fruit fly Bactrocera kandiensis DP DP
Tongan fruit fly Bactrocera facialis DP DP
Vanuatu fruit fly Bactrocera trilineola 3 DP DP
West Indian fruit fly Anastrepha obliqua DP DP
White striped fruit fly Bactrocera albistrigata DP DP
Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata FS DP DP

Other pests

The following is a list of documents for other exotic and endemic pests of the mango industry. Please note that this is not a complete list of pests: rather it includes pests for which documents exist in the Pest Information Document Database.

Some of the documents presented here are not  tailored to the mango industry and are included for information only.

Common name Scientific name EPPRD Category Fact sheet Contingency plan Diagnostic protocol
Coconut bug Amblypelta cocophaga FS
False codling moth Thaumatotibia leucotreta syn Cryptophlebia leucotreta 2 FS CP
Mango fruit borer Citripestis eutraphera FS
Mango malformation Fusarium mangiferae 3 FS
Mango malformation Fusarium proliferatum FS
Mango malformation Fusarium mexicanum FS
Mango malformation Fusarium sterilihyphosum FS
Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata FS DP
Melon fruit fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae FS DP
New Guinea fruit fly Bactrocera trivialis 3 FS FS DP
Papaya mealy bug Paracoccus marginatus FS CP
Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni FS DP